Câu bị động là một trong những chủ điểm ngữ pháp có tính ứng dụng cao trong tiếng Anh. Các bạn hãy cùng ihoctienganh ôn tập lại lý thuyết passive voice và thực hành bài tập câu bị động trong tiếng Anh nhé.
Tổng hợp bài tập câu bị động có đáp án cơ bản và nâng cao
Mục Lục
1. Lý thuyết câu bị động trong Tiếng Anh quan trọng cần nhớ
Câu bị động (Passive voice) được dùng để nhấn mạnh vào chủ thể là người hoặc vật đang bị tác động bởi đối tượng khác.
1.1. Cấu trúc câu bị động
Để hoàn thành tốt bài tập câu bị động, bạn cần nắm vững cấu trúc câu bị động với 12 thì dưới đây:
|
Thì |
Công thức |
Ví dụ |
|
Hiện tại đơn |
S + am/is/are + V3 |
My house is cleaned everyday. (Nhà của tôi được lau dọn hàng ngày.) |
|
Hiện tại tiếp diễn |
S + am/is/are + being + V3 |
The picture is being painted now. (Bức tranh đang được tô màu bây giờ.) |
|
Hiện tại hoàn thành |
S + has/have + been + V3 |
The car has not been used for 3 years. (Cái xe này đã không được sử dụng trong 3 năm rồi.) |
|
Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
S + have/has + been + being + V3 |
The thieves have been being looked for by police. (Bọn trộm đang bị cảnh sát tìm kiếm.) |
|
Quá khứ đơn |
S + was/were + V3 |
The bridge was built last year. (Năm ngoái cây cầu được xây.) |
|
Quá khứ tiếp diễn |
S + was/were + being + V3 |
The car was being fixed at 7 o’clock yesterday. (Xe ô tô đang được sửa lúc 7 giờ hôm qua.) |
|
Quá khứ hoàn thành |
S + had + been + V3 |
The plan had been made by them. (Kế hoạch đã được lên bởi họ.) |
|
Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
S + had + been + being + V-ing |
The door had been being closed when we came in. (Cánh cửa đã bị đóng khi chúng tôi đi vào.) |
|
Tương lai đơn |
S + will + be + V3 |
The letters will be delivered in 2 days. (Những lá thư sẽ được chuyển đi trong 2 ngày.) |
|
Tương lai tiếp diễn |
S + will + be + being + V3 |
Bike will be being sold here. (Xe đạp sẽ được bán ở đây.) |
|
Tương lai hoàn thành |
S + will + have + been + V3 |
This article will have been finished by 5 am. (Bài báo này sẽ được hoàn thành lúc 5 giờ.) |
|
Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn |
S + will + have + been + being + V3 |
The violin will have been being played when I arrives at 5 pm. (Trình diễn violin sẽ được bắt đầu khi tôi đến lúc 5 giờ.) |
1.2. Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
Chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động là một trong các dạng bài tập về câu bị động phổ biến nhất. Để hoàn thành chính xác dạng bài này, bạn cần làm theo 4 bước sau đây:
Nắm chắc lý thuyết để làm tốt bài tập câu bị động trong tiếng Anh
Bước 1: Xác định các thành phần: S, V, O và thì của động từ trong câu
Bước 2: Chuyển O (câu chủ động) thành S (câu bị động)
Bước 3: Chuyển S (câu chủ động) thành by O (câu bị động).
Bước 4: V chính (câu chủ động) thành be + V3 (câu bị động).
Ví dụ:
Câu chủ động: She is making a cake. (Cô ấy đang làm bánh.)
→ Câu bị động: A cake is being made by her.
1.3. Một số lưu ý quan trọng
Nếu chủ ngữ của câu chủ động là các từ: People, everyone, someone, anyone, thì khi chuyển sang câu bị động chúng ta có thể lược bỏ các từ này.
Ví dụ:
- Someone turned on the microwave. (Ai đó đã bật lò vi sóng.)
→ The microwave was turned on.
Phân biệt cách dùng “By + O” và “With + O” trong bài tập câu bị động:
- Nếu chủ ngữ câu chủ động chỉ người/vật trực tiếp gây ra hành động → dùng By + O
- Nếu chủ ngữ câu chủ động chỉ người/vật gián tiếp gây ra hành động. → dùng With + O.
2. Tổng hợp bài tập câu bị động có đáp án
Bạn đã nắm chắc lý thuyết câu bị động rồi đúng không nào? Bây giờ chúng mình cùng áp dụng các lý thuyết trên để hoàn thành một số bài tập về câu bị động dưới đây nhé.
2.1. Bài tập câu bị động cơ bản
Bài 1: Chuyển các câu sau sang câu bị động
1. The Government is planning a new road near my house.
2. My grandfather built this house in 1943.
3. Picasso was painting Guernica at that time.
4. The cleaner has cleaned the office
5. He had written three books before 1867.
6. John will tell you later.
7. By this time tomorrow we will have signed the deal.
8. Somebody should do the work.
9. The traffic might have delayed Jimmy.
10. People speak Portuguese in Brazil.
11. Everybody loves Mr Brown.
12. They are building a new stadium near the station.
13. The wolf ate the princess.
14. At six o’clock someone was telling a story.
15. Somebody has drunk all the milk!
16. I had cleaned all the windows before the storm.
17. A workman will repair the computer tomorrow.
18. By next year the students will have studied the passive.
19. James might cook dinner.
20. Somebody must have taken my wallet.
21. The dentist pulled out my tooth.
22. Who delivered that parcel ?
23. The police are questioning him now.
24. The waitress serves breakfast at 7 o’clock.
25. Who did they give the prize to?
26. The news seemed to have shocked him.
27. You should take these tablets before meals.
28. The teacher has sent him out of the classroom.
29. You must wash coloured clothes separately.
30. The mayor will open the new sports center next month.
31. Many parents influence their children strongly.
32. They were pulling down the building when I walked by.
33. Somebody has stolen Jack’s car recently.
34. He expects people to show him more respect.
35. Has anyone collected the rubbish yet ?
Nguồn: english-grammar.at
Bài tập câu bị động tổng hợp có giải chi tiết
Bài 2: Bài tập trắc nghiệm câu bị động. Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống
1. A letter to aunt Molly _________ a few hours ago.
A. has been sent B. was sent C. is sent D. had been sent
2. Grandpa _______ by his grandson, Andy.
A. is often helped B. is often helping C. often is helped D. often helps
3. The car ________ this afternoon.
A. will be washed B. is washed C. will be washed D. was washed
4. I _________ by car to school everyday.
A. was driven B. am driven C. are driven D. were driven
5. Homework ________ by students yesterday.
A. wasn’t done B. wasn’t made C. hasn’t been done D. isn’t done
6. Their house _____ every year.
A. is painting B. was painted C. is painted D. has been painted
7. Bananas _______ in India.
A. are growing B. are grown C. have grown D. was grown
8. Thousands of cars _______ every year.
A. are produced B. producing C. produced D. were producing
9. Our house _______ by solar power.
A. heats B. is heating C. is heated D. was heated
10. I am sorry, I can’t come with you. I _____ that party.
A. don’t invite B. am invited C. invited D. wasn’t invited
11. Some of my books ______ by my friends.
A. are borrowing B. were borrowed C. borrow D. borrowed
12. A huge amount of money ____ for that house.
A. was paid B. pays C. paid D. were paid
13. William Shakespeare _______ as one of the greatest writers in English literature history.
A. is known B. knew C. was known D. has known
14. Mona Lisa _______ by Leonardo Da Vinci.
A. painted B. is painted C. paints D. was painted
15. Wine _______ from grapes.
A. makes B. is make C. is made D. was made
Nguồn: islcollective.com
Bài 3: Gạch chân đáp án đúng
1. A: Look. Your car has just being/is just being lifted off the ground.
B: Oh, no. Wait a minute, please. I didn’t know that.
2. A: Poor Tim. He has lost his match with Glenn McDonald.
B: Yes, he has. But he has been given a new chance/a new chance has been given to himnow.
3. A: Your business partners didn’t like your offer very much.
B: But they were made to/are made toaccept it after all.
4. A: This big hole was dug up manually by/with a spade.
B: Why do you think so, Mr. Holmes?
5. A: Our boat was damaged/was being damaged by a storm when we were sailing to Corfu.
B: And how did you get back?
6. A: His place will be offered to Mr. Chang/Mr. Chang will be offered his place
B: But you’ve promised this place to me!
7. A: If we weren’t careful, the bike would be stolen/was stolenin such a deserted place.
B: By the way, where is the bike lock?
8. A: Did you see the dog sitting in the middle of the road?
B: Yes, I did. But when I stopped, my car was hit/had been hit from behind.
9. A: Sarah didn’t take part in the press conference yesterday night.
B: She told me that she was not/had not been informed.
10. A: I can guarantee that this room is tidied/is being tidied every morning.
B: What time do they tidy it?
11. A: A lot of houses were destroyed with/by fire when we were in California.
B: Yes, I know. I’ve heard about it.
12. A: Can you tell me why you arrived so late?
B: We couldn’t drive over the bridge because it was reconstructed/was being reconstructed.
Nguồn: e-grammar.org
► ĐÁP ÁN
Bài 1:
1. A new road is being planned near my house
2. This house was built in 1943 by my grandfather
3. Guernica was being painted at that time by Picasso
4. The office has been cleaned
5. Three books had been written before 1867
6. You will be told later by John
7. By this time tomorrow the deal will have been signed
8. The work should be done
9. Jimmy might have been delayed by the traffic
10. Portuguese is spoken in Brazil
11. Mr Brown is loved by everybody
12. A new stadium is being built near the station
13. The princess was eaten by the wolf
14. At six o’clock a story was being told
15. All the milk has been drunk
16. All the windows had been cleaned before the storm
17. The computer will be repaired tomorrow
18. By next year the passive will have been studied by the students
19. Dinner might be cooked by James
20. My wallet must have been taken
21. My tooth was pulled out by the dentist.
22. Who is that parcel delivered by?
23. He is being questioned now by the police.
24. Breakfast is served at 7 o’clock by the waitress.
25. Who was the prize given to?
26. He seemed to have been shocked by the news.
27. These tablets should be taken before meals.
28. He has been sent out of the class by his teacher.
29. Coloured clothes must be washed separately.
30. The new sports center will be opened by the major next month.
31. Children are influenced strongly by most parents.
32. The building was being pulled down when I walked by.
33. Jack’s car has been stolen recently.
34. He expects to be shown more respect.
35. Has the rubbish been collected yet?
Bài 2:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. C
10. D
11. B
12. A
13. A
14. B
15. C
Bài 3.
1. is just being
2. he has been given a new chance
3. were made to
4. with
5. was damaged
6. Mr. Chang will be offered his place
7. would be stolen
8. was hit
9. had not been
10. is tidied
11. by
12. was being constructed
2.2. Bài tập câu bị động nâng cao
Bài 1: Hoàn thành đoạn văn sử dụng các từ cho sẵn trong bảng sau:
|
was obliged to |
are believed to have been |
is known to have experienced |
|
is not known |
are thought to be |
was packed |
|
is thought to have been |
was seen |
were made to |
|
|
was brought |
|
A plane carrying 15 members of the government to a conference in Brussels (1) _________ a small scale fire earlier this morning. The plane (2) __________ about 20 minutes into its journey when the fire occurred in the luggage department. It (3) __________ how the plane caught fire, but early eyewitness reports confirm that a trail of smoke (4) __________ coming from the undercarriage. The fire (5) _________ rapidly under control , but the pilot (6) ________ make an emergency landing. Five people (7) __________ treated for shock. The plane (8) _________ with businesspeople flying to Belgium. All 209 passengers (9) _________ stay behind for questioning after landing at a military airport in northern France. Police (10) _______ treating the incident as suspicious.
Nguồn: www.english-grammar.at
Bài tập về câu bị động trong tiếng Anh hay nhất
Bài 2: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Only half of the exercises ________ so far, but the rest ________ by Saturday.
A. have done / will be finished
B. were done / are going to be finished
C. done / have been finished
D. have been done / will have been finished
2. Because of the general pardon, most of the prisoners __________ by the end of the year.
A. were released B. are released C. have been released D. will have been released
3. The medicine ______ at a high place where the children can’t reach.
A. must be keeping B. must be kept C. must not be kept D. must keep
4. Nothing ________ because it was foggy and raining heavily.
A. is seen B. wasn’t seen C. could be seen D. didn’t see
5. English _______ at state schools as a compulsory lesson for 20 years until last year.
A. is taught B. has been taught C. was being taught D. had been taught
6. The news that her lost car ______ was a great happiness to her.
A. is found B. was found C. has been found D. will be found
7. The question was so complicated and difficult that nobody _______ it.
A. answer B. could answer C. has answered D. will answer
8. I want to _______ to the wedding.
A. being invited B. have been invited C. be invited D. is invited
9. Don’t touch the cable while it ___________.
A. was repaired B. has been repaired C. is being repaired D. repaired
10. The house door ______ opened at night.
A. were left B. shouldn’t be left C. didn’t leave D. has left
11. I don’t enjoy _________ by other people.
A. being watched B. be watched C. watch D. to be watched
12. A great deal of research __________ to find a cure for AIDS.
A. had been done B. is being done C. was done D, have been done
13. All the food in the house _______ because there is no food now.
A. had been eaten B. should have been eaten C. must have been eaten D. eats
14. My report has _________ on Monday morning.
A. to be given back B. to had been done C. been back D. given back
15. So far I ________ by every employer I have applied to.
A. was rejected B. had been rejected C. have been rejected D. am rejected
Nguồn: studocu.com
► ĐÁP ÁN
Bài 1:
1. is known to have experienced
2. is thought to have been
3. is not known
4. was seen
5. was brought
6. was obliged to
7. are believed to have been
8. was packed
9. were made to
10. are thought to be
Bài 2.
1. D
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. C
14. A
15. C
Như vậy, bài viết đã tổng hợp lý thuyết quan trọng cần nhớ và bài tập câu bị động có đáp án theo từng dạng bài từ cơ bản đến nâng cao. Hy vọng bài viết hôm nay sẽ giúp bạn ôn tập và hiểu rõ hơn về câu bị động.